Chapter #5 Solutions - Physical Science with Modern Applications - Melvin Merken - 5th Edition

 

1. Assume that you are standing in a bus. Explain why you tend to fall backward as the bus starts up. Get solution

2. Does an earth-orbiting space laboratory possess inertia? Explain. Get solution

3. A passenger sitting in the rear of a bus claims that he was injured when the driver slammed on the brakes, causing a suitcase to come flying toward the passenger from the front of the bus. If you were the judge in this case, what disposition would you make? Get solution

4. A magician pulls a tablecloth from underneath a setting of plates and glasses. Rather than falling to the floor and breaking, they remain on the table. Explain. Get solution

5. Explain the statement that although your mass is the same everywhere, your weight may vary from place to place. Get solution

6. With a diagram, show the force, F, exerted by a child pulling a sled, and indicate the horizontal and vertical components. Get solution

7. (a) What is your weight? (b) What would your weight be on the moon, where the acceleration due to gravity is one sixth that on earth? Get solution

8. (a) A force of 16.0 newtons eastward is applied to a cart having a mass of 4.00 kg. What will the acceleration be? (b) If the cart started from rest, what is its velocity at tire end of 5.00 s? Get solution

9. A net force of 2500 newtons southward acts on a car, accelerating it 2.50 m/s2. What is the mass of the car? Get solution

10. An astronaut pulls a 1600-g camera across a spaceship. The camera is accelerated 25.0 cm/s2. What force is exerted? Get solution

11. Once it has been in operation, why does it become easier to accelerate a rocket? (About 90% of the mass of a rocket at the beginning of a launch is fuel.) Get solution

12. A 1000-kg automobile accelerates westward from rest to 40.0 mi/h (18.0 m/s) in 5.00 sec. What force does the road exert on the car? Get solution

13. A sprinter of mass 70.0 kg accelerates uniformly to the right from a stationary start for the first 5.00 s of a race. His velocity is then 10.0 m/s. Calculate the force provided by his legs. Get solution

14. A body dropped from rest has a constant acceleration in free fall. Is the distance traveled by the body the same for each time interval? Explain. Get solution

15. Which is greater: 1 N, 1 dyne, or 1 lb? Get solution

16. Would you weigh more or less on top of Mt. Everest than you do at sea level? Get solution

17. A body having a mass of 50.0 kg moves with a constant acceleration of 2.00 m/s2 to the right. What force must be acting on it? Get solution

18. The earth exerts a gravitational force on you. Identify the “reaction” force. Get solution

19. Identify the action and reaction forces involved in kicking a football. Get solution

20. What causes a rotary lawn sprinkler to rotate? Get solution

21. Explain the statement, “The moon is falling.” Get solution

22. Account for the fact that the moon does not travel in a straight line. Get solution

23. Since the earth is attracted to the sun by gravitational force, what prevents the earth from falling into the sun? Get solution

24. Does an earth satellite travel at constant speed in its orbit? Explain. Get solution

25. How does the speed of an earth satellite in orbit depend on its distance from the earth? Get solution

26. Calculate the orbital velocity of an earth satellite in an orbit 400 mi above the earth. Get solution

27. Explain why mass and weight are not expressed in the same units. Get solution

28. (a) How much does a 75.0-kg astronaut weigh on earth? (b) What would the astronaut’s weight be on Venus, where the acceleration due to gravity is 8.70 m/s2? Get solution

29. (a) Would your mass be the same on the moon as on the earth? (b) Your weight? Get solution

30. Does the gravitational attraction of the sun on the planets act as a centripetal or as a centrifugal force? Explain. Get solution

31. Multiple ChoiceA. Newton’s first law is a statement of the law of(a) inertia.(b) force.(c) action-reaction.(d) gravitation.B. A measure of the inertia of a body is its(a) speed.(b) friction.(c) mass.(d) weight.C. In Newton’s third law, the action and reaction forces(a) act on the same body.(b) act on different bodies.(c) are not necessarily equal.(d) are inversely proportional.D. A satellite is held in orbit around the earth because of(a) a force pushing it around the orbit.(b) centrifugal force.(c) the sun’s gravity.(d) the earth’s gravity.E. A baseball thrown by a pitcher(a) falls at a rate that depends on its horizontal speed.(b) begins to fall when it loses most of its speed.(c) falls just as fast as if it had no horizontal speed.(d) does not fall.F. The weakest fundamental force is the(a) electromagnetic force.(b) gravitational force.(c) weak nuclear force.(d) strong nuclear force.G. The constant G is(a) the acceleration due to gravity.(b) smaller on the moon than on earth.(c) the force of gravity.(d) a universal constant.H. In free fall, which one of the following quantities increases with time?(a) acceleration(b) force(c) velocity(d) massI. Two equal and opposite forces of 3 N have a net force of(a) 9 N.(b) 6 N.(c) 3 N.(d) 0 N.J. Which of the following is not constant for an object in uniform circular motion?(a) distance with time(b) speed(c) velocity(d) centripetal acceleration Get solution